High levels of total bilirubin occur when the liver cannot process bilirubin properly, often due to liver disease or excessive red blood cell breakdown. This leads to jaundice, a yellowing of skin and eyes.
Bilirubin is a yellow pigment produced when red blood cells break down. The liver processes it for excretion. Elevated levels suggest the liver is overwhelmed or damaged.
High bilirubin results from:
According to the National Library of Medicine, normal bilirubin ranges between 0.1-1.2 mg/dL. Levels above 2.5 mg/dL typically cause noticeable jaundice.
Doctors diagnose high bilirubin through blood tests. Treatment targets the underlying cause, such as managing hepatitis or removing bile duct blockages.
I once saw a patient with mild jaundice assume it was a vitamin deficiency. A simple blood test revealed elevated bilirubin, leading to timely treatment for early-stage liver disease.