The pneumococcal vaccine protects against pneumonia and other infections caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae bacteria. It prevents invasive diseases like bacteremia, meningitis, and sepsis.
The vaccine contains weakened or killed versions of the bacteria or its components. When introduced into the body, it triggers an immune response without causing illness. This prepares the immune system to fight off future infections from these bacteria.
There are two main types of pneumococcal vaccines:
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends the pneumococcal vaccine for:
Most people receive PCV13 first, followed by PPSV23 a year later. Some high-risk individuals may need additional doses.
Another myth is that the vaccine causes pneumonia. In reality, it prevents pneumococcal pneumonia, a specific type caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae. The vaccine does not contain live bacteria, so it cannot cause the disease.
Clinical trials show the pneumococcal vaccine reduces invasive pneumococcal disease by 75% in adults 65 and older. Common side effects include redness or pain at the injection site, fever, or muscle aches. Severe reactions are rare.
I witnessed the vaccine's impact firsthand when my grandfather, who had chronic lung disease, received his shots. He avoided several severe respiratory infections common in his age group.
Most pharmacies, clinics, and doctors' offices offer the pneumococcal vaccine. Many insurance plans cover it for recommended age groups and high-risk individuals. Check with your healthcare provider or local pharmacy for availability and cost.