A stomach ulcer bleeding presents as vomiting blood or passing black, tarry stools due to internal bleeding from an open sore in the stomach lining. These symptoms indicate a serious complication requiring immediate medical attention.
Peptic ulcers form when stomach acid erodes the protective mucus layer, exposing underlying tissue. Bleeding occurs when the ulcer penetrates a blood vessel. The most common causes are Helicobacter pylori infection and long-term use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs).
The two primary signs of stomach ulcer bleeding are:
Less common symptoms include dizziness, shortness of breath, and shock in severe cases.
Contact emergency services immediately if you experience:
According to the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy, prompt treatment reduces complications from bleeding ulcers.
Doctors diagnose bleeding ulcers using endoscopy, a procedure where a flexible tube with a camera examines the digestive tract. Treatment includes medications to reduce stomach acid, antibiotics for H. pylori infections, and procedures to stop bleeding.
In severe cases, surgery may be required. The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases reports that most bleeding ulcers heal with proper treatment.
If you suspect a bleeding ulcer, seek medical attention immediately. Early intervention improves outcomes and prevents complications.