National Policy Statements (NPS) are government documents outlining strategic priorities for major infrastructure projects in the UK. They guide developers and planners through the planning process.
NPS provide a structure for decision-making on nationally significant infrastructure projects. The Planning Act 2008 introduced them to simplify the approval process for large-scale developments.
When a developer proposes a project covered by an NPS, they submit an application to the relevant government department. The examining authority then considers whether the proposal aligns with the NPS before making a recommendation to the Secretary of State.
The government has published several NPS covering different sectors:
| Sector | NPS Title | Year Published |
|---|---|---|
| Energy | EN-1: Overview of Energy | 2011 |
| Energy | EN-2: Electricity Networks | 2011 |
| Transport | TS-1: National Networks | 2014 |
| Water | WA-1: Water Resource Zone | 2014 |
These statements set out the government's policies for each sector, helping developers understand what types of projects are likely to gain approval.
NPS apply to England and Wales. They ensure that nationally significant infrastructure projects consider national needs and priorities.
For example, the EN-1 statement on energy sets out the government's commitment to reducing carbon emissions. Developers proposing new power plants must demonstrate how their project aligns with this policy.
One common misconception is that NPS give automatic approval to all projects in a specific sector. In reality, each application is considered on its merits, and the NPS provide a structure for evaluation.
Another misunderstanding is that NPS override local planning policies. While NPS set national priorities, local planning authorities still have a role in considering the impact of projects on their communities.
In 2015, the government approved the Hinkley Point C nuclear power station using the EN-1 NPS as a key reference point. The statement's emphasis on low-carbon energy sources supported the project's approval.
Developers must consult the relevant NPS when planning major infrastructure projects. Understanding these statements can help avoid costly mistakes and delays in the planning process.