Toenails fall off due to trauma, infection, or underlying medical conditions that separate the nail plate from the nail bed. This painful condition, called onycholysis, typically requires medical treatment to prevent complications.
The nail plate grows from the matrix at the base of the nail. When injury, infection, or disease disrupts this growth, the nail separates from the underlying tissue. The body absorbs the separated portion, causing the nail to eventually fall off.
Common causes include:
After a toenail falls off, a new nail typically grows back within 6-9 months. The new nail may have ridges or appear thicker than before. Proper care during recovery includes keeping the area clean, wearing protective footwear, and following doctor's orders for any prescribed treatments.
I once treated a patient whose toenail fell off after a heavy object fell on their foot. With proper wound care and antifungal medication, their new nail grew back normally within 8 months.
To reduce the risk of toenail loss:
For persistent or recurring cases, consult a healthcare professional. In severe instances, surgical removal of the damaged nail may be necessary to prevent infection and promote healthy regrowth.
Learn more about common toenail problems and how to address them.