For bad constipation, you can take over-the-counter laxatives, stool softeners, or fiber supplements. These treatments help stimulate bowel movements or make stools easier to pass.
Constipation occurs when bowel movements are infrequent or difficult to pass. Treatments work by either increasing water in the intestines, stimulating muscle contractions, or softening stools. The most common types of treatments include:
| Type | Examples | How It Works |
|---|---|---|
| Stimulant laxatives | Bisacodyl, senna | Stimulates the nerves in the colon to increase bowel movements |
| Stool softeners | Docusate sodium | Adds moisture to stools, making them easier to pass |
| Fiber supplements | Psyllium husk | Increases bulk in stools, helping them move through the intestines |
| Osmotic agents | Polyethylene glycol | Draws water into the intestines to soften stools |
Choose a treatment based on the severity and cause of your constipation. For mild cases, increasing fiber intake and drinking more water often helps. For more severe constipation, stimulant laxatives or osmotic agents may be necessary. Stool softeners are useful for those who should avoid straining, such as after surgery or during pregnancy.
Many people believe that laxatives are the only solution for constipation. However, lifestyle changes, such as increasing physical activity and consuming a balanced diet, can also be effective. Overusing laxatives can lead to dependency, where the body relies on them to have a bowel movement.
Another mistake is not drinking enough water when taking fiber supplements. Fiber absorbs water, and without enough fluids, it can worsen constipation. Always drink plenty of water when increasing fiber intake.
Polyethylene glycol (PEG) is an osmotic agent that draws water into the intestines, softening stools. A common brand is Miralax. To use PEG, mix the recommended dose in 8 ounces of water and drink it once daily. It typically takes 1-3 days to relieve constipation. Always follow the dosage instructions on the package or as directed by a healthcare provider.
If constipation lasts longer than three weeks or is accompanied by severe pain, blood in stools, or unexplained weight loss, see a doctor. Chronic constipation may indicate an underlying condition, such as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) or a digestive disorder. A healthcare provider can recommend the best treatment plan for your specific needs.